Samarkand 2

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TABLE OF CONTENT

History

Geography

Borders

Industy

Economy

Administrative divisions

Registan Mosque

Climate

Fauna & Flora


Samarkand – the second greatest city of Uzbekistan,
the center of Samarkand region. In ancient times
city was called as Marakanda – capital of Sogdiana .
The origin of the name of the city is still unknown. It
is supposed that the word “Samar” is a name of one
conqueror, and prefix “kand” means “the city”,
“settlement”. Abu-Raykhan Beruni and Makhmud
Kashgari, great scholars of XI century, held opinion
that etymology of the word “Samarkand” came from
“semizkent” – “rich population”.

GEOGRA PHY A N D CLIMATE
The Republic of Uzbekistan is
situated between the rivers of
Amudarya and Syrdarya and occupies
447,400 square meters. The span of
the territory from the west to the
east is 1,425 km and from the north
to the south - 930 km.

THE BORDERS
The borders: The territory borders on
Kazakhstan in the north , on Kyrgyzstan and
Tajikistan in the east and southeast , on
Turkmenistan in the west , and on Afghanistan
in the south . The length of the border with
Afghanistan is 137 km , with Kazakhstan -
2,203 km, with Kyrgyzstan - 1,099 km, with
Tajikistan - 1161 km, and with Turkmenistan -
1,621 km.


Samarqand Province also has significant natural
resources, including construction materials such as
marble, granite, limestone, carbonate , and chalk .
The Province's major agricultural activities are
cotton and cereal growing, winemaking and
sericulture. In terms of industry, metal processing
(spare parts for automobiles and combines), food
processing, textiles, and ceramics industries are the
most active in the area.

The province has a well-developed transport
infrastructure , with over 400 km of railways and
4100 km of surfaced roads . The telecommunication
infrastructure is also well developed.
Indust ry

Economy
The economy of Samarkand is based primarily on
agriculture and industry. Agriculture-related
enterprises include the processing of silk and
cotton, fruit canning , and the production of wine,
clothing , leatherware and footwear, and tobacco .
Metalworking and machinery production are leading
industries.

ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS

District name District capital

1 Bulungur District Bulungur

2 Ishtikhon District Ishtikhon

3 Jomboy District Jomboy

4 Kattakurgan District Paishanba

5 Koshrabot District Koshrabot

6 Narpay District Oqtosh

7 Nurobod District Nurobod

8 Oqdarya District Laish

9 Pakhtachi District Ziadin

10 Payariq District Payariq

11 Pastdargom District Juma

12 Samarqand District Gulabad

13 Toyloq District Toyloq

14 Urgut District Urgut

REGISTAN MOSQUE
The Registan was the heart of the
ancient city of Samarkhand of the
Timurid dynasty now in Uzbekistan.
The Registan and its three madrasahs ,
from left to right Ulugh Beg Madrasah,
Tilya Kori, Sher Dor Madrasahs.

www.arxiv.uzUlugh Beg madrasah
The Ulug Bek Madrasah, buit during the Timurid
Empire era of Timur. The corners are flanked by high
minarets. There are deep galleries along the axes.
Origibally the Ulugh Beg Madrasah was a two-storied
building with four domed darskhonas (lecture room)
at the corners.

www.arxiv.uzSher-Dor Madrasah
In the 17 th
century the ruler of Samarkand,
Yalangtush Bakhodur, ordered the
construction of the Sher-Dor and Tillya – Kori
madrasahs.

www.arxiv.uzTilya-Kori Madrasah
Ten years later the Tilya-Kori madrasah was built. It
was not only a residential college for students, but
also played the role of grand masjid ( mosque). The
mosque building is situated in the western section of
the courtyard. The main hail of the abundantly
gilded .

Climate: The climate of Uzbekistan is sharply
continental, characterized by high amplitude
of day and night , summer and winter
temperatures. The temperature varies rather
considerably with respect to the seasons.
Average temperature in January falls below -6
0C, while the average temperature in July, May
rise above +32 0C . Average annual atmospheric
precipitation on the plains is 120-200 mm, in
mountainous areas - 1000 mm. The amount of
precipitations is low, which is why the
agriculture relies on irrigation to a great
degree.

Fl ora : Desert vegetation is prevalent on plains,
while mountainous areas are covered with
steppe, forests and mountain meadows.
Fauna : The country's fauna is quite diverse:
there are rare antelopes saygak and giant lizards
that can reach 1.5 meters in length. In the
mountains, there are snow leopards and rare
species of mountain goats.

SAMARKAND

Samark h an

TABLE OF CONTENT  History  Geography  Borders  Industy  Economy  Administrative divisions  Registan Mosque  Climate  Fauna & Flora

 Samarkand – the second greatest city of Uzbekistan, the center of Samarkand region. In ancient times city was called as Marakanda – capital of Sogdiana . The origin of the name of the city is still unknown. It is supposed that the word “Samar” is a name of one conqueror, and prefix “kand” means “the city”, “settlement”. Abu-Raykhan Beruni and Makhmud Kashgari, great scholars of XI century, held opinion that etymology of the word “Samarkand” came from “semizkent” – “rich population”.

GEOGRA PHY A N D CLIMATE The Republic of Uzbekistan is situated between the rivers of Amudarya and Syrdarya and occupies 447,400 square meters. The span of the territory from the west to the east is 1,425 km and from the north to the south - 930 km.

Samarkand 2

10.08.2023

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2399.9658203125 KB

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